ANALYSIS OF CLINICAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS OF PATIENTS WITH PARKINSON'S DISEASE IN THE SOUTHERN REGION OF KAZAKHSTAN

Abstract

Introduction. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative progressive disease of the brain, leading to a decrease in the quality of life and further to disability of the patient. Given the steady increase in the number of patients with PD, the problem is becoming a pressing issue worldwide. According to the data of the Republican Centers of Е-health of the Ministry of Health of the Kazakhstan for Shymkent city and Turkestan region there is an annual increase in the prevalence of PD by 15-20%.
Aim. To study clinical and demographic parameters of patients with PD in the Southern region of Kazakhstan. Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional one-stage cohort study of patients from the Southern region of Kazakhstan was conducted. The Unified PD Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) revised by the Movement Disorders Society [19] was used to assess motor and non-motor disorders, and the Hоehn-Yahr scale was used to assess the clinical stage. In statistical data processing, the mean, standard deviation (M±SD), or median were calculated. The law of distribution was checked using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test when quantitative variables were analyzed, and the two-way Spearman rank correlation analysis was also used. Differences were considered statistically significant at p˂0.05. Results. 450 patients participated in the study: 36% (n=162) of urban residents and 64% of rural residents (n=288). There was a predominance of women among both urban and rural residents (57.4% and 55.2%) and patients in the age category 60-69 years (38.9% and 34.3%, respectively). The debut of the disease in the whole studied category was 50-59 and 60-69 years old. The correlation analysis of the studied revealed positive significant correlations between Hoehn-Yahr stages and four sections of the UPDRS scale (p<0.001). The severity of the disease increased with increasing UPDRS scale scores, confirming PD. Conclusion. Clinical and demographic analysis of PD in the Southern region of Kazakhstan was carried out for the first time. According to the data of the study, the indicators of the sample analyzed by us, such as average age, average duration of the disease, disease debut, coincide with the data of most domestic and foreign authors. Prospective studies performed in a particular region with the creation of a unified register of patients with PD is extremely important from both scientific and practical points of view.