SYSTEMIC RETINOIDS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF MODERATE TO-SEVERE ACNE: A CLINICAL CASE STUDY

Abstract

Introduction: Acne vulgaris is a multifactorial inflammatory disorder affecting about 9% of the global population, most commonly in those aged 20–29 years. Its pathogenesis involves follicular hyperkeratinization, sebaceous hyperactivity, and immune activation, leading to inflammation and scarring, requiring targeted treatments like retinoids. The aim of this study is to assess the clinical effectiveness of acnekutan in managing severe acne. Materials and Methods: A retrospective case review was conducted using medical records from the dermatovenerology department of City Hospital No. 2, Abai region. The patient's condition was monitored in the CMIS from 2024 to 2025, following clinical guidelines approved by the Ministry of Health of Kazakhstan. Signed informed consent was obtained from both the clinic administration and the patient for publication. Results: After transitioning a patient with severe acne to isotretinoin, a significant clinical improvement was observed. The treatment effectively reduced inflammatory lesions and prevented the formation of new acne elements. Clinical studies have demonstrated that acnekutan targets multiple pathogenic mechanisms of acne and enhances patients' quality of life. In our study, the patient experienced side effects such as skin dryness and a temporary increase in transaminase levels, consistent with global research findings. Conclusion: Isotretinoin remains the preferred treatment for severe acne, ensuring high efficacy and prolonged remission. Careful monitoring and individualized dosing are essential for optimal patient management. Future research should focus on dosing optimization, combination therapies, and treatment resistance mechanisms.