CHALLENGES OF FALSE POSITIVE CYTOLOGICAL RESULTSIN CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING: THE FUTURE PERSPECTIVEOF MORE RELIABLE TESTING METHODS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34689/36scaa73Keywords:
Cervical dysplasia, cervical cancer screening, human papillomavirus, HPV genotype, p16/Ki-67 cytologyAbstract
Introduction: Cervical dysplasia caused by human papillomavirus is a significant public health concern that might lead
to cervical cancer, particularly in the developing world. The cervical cancer preventative screening program in Kazakhstan
needs more sophisticated screening methods for improving early detection and management, which can ultimately reduce
the burden of this disease on women's health.
Aim: The aim of this study was to elicit false positive results as a major shortcoming of a current screening method and
to recommend more accurate testing algorithms.
Materials and Methods: Study design: Modelling study, encompassing a period between 2016-2023 in The Medical
Centre Hospital of President’s Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, Kazakhstan. The diagnoses of
cervical dysplasia based upon cytological and human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA tests were collected in a hospital database
(Infomed) and further analysed through GraphPad software.
Results and discussions: HPV-negative tests occurred in 30.43% (2016), 45.45% (2017), 28.20% (2018), 42.5%
(2019), 35.71% (2020), 32.14% (2021), 21.15% (2022), and 54.45% (2023) of the total amount of patients. Nevertheless,
they were diagnosed with mild dysplasia. While screening saves lives, it's important to acknowledge that false positives are
inevitable without optimisations, and excessive testing can lead to substantial harm, including unnecessary treatments and a
burden on the healthcare system.
Conclusion: Improvements in specificity might lead to a reduction in false positive results and an increase in the
accuracy of referrals for colposcopy. The utilization of dual-staining with p16/Ki-67 cytology appears promising as a
biomarker-based method for determining further steps in cervical cancer screening.
References
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Айткалиев А., Бекенова Н., Вочшенкова Т., Касиева Б., Алибеков С., Шаназаров Н. Вызовы ложноположительных цитологических результатов в скрининге рака шейки матки: перспективы более надежных методов тестирования // Наука и Здравоохранение. 2023. 6(Т.25). С. 15-21. doi 10.34689/SH.2023.25.6.002
Айткалиев А., Бекенова Н., Вочшенкова Т., Касиева Б., Алибеков С., Шаназаров Н. Жатыр мойны обырының скринингіндегі жалған позитивті цитология нәтижелерінің қиындықтары: сенімдірек тестілеу әдістерінің перспективалары // Ғылым және Денсаулық сақтау. 2023. 6 (Т.25). Б.15-21. doi 10.34689/SH.2023.25.6.002
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