ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL STUDENTS' KNOWLEDGE ABOUT HIV INFECTION

Abstract

Introduction: HIV infection continues to be a significant public health issue globally, particularly among vulnerable populations such as young people, including medical students. As future healthcare providers, the level of knowledge among medical students regarding HIV transmission, prevention, and management is crucial not only for their own health but also for controlling the spread of the infection within the broader community. Furthermore, their understanding influences attitudes toward people living with HIV, fostering a more non-discriminatory, supportive healthcare environment. Objective: To assess the level of HIV knowledge among medical students and identify factors influencing their awareness. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an anonymous online survey administered to 152 medical students. The survey assessed various aspects of HIV knowledge, including transmission routes, prevention methods, target cells of the virus, and its effects on the immune system. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher’s exact test, and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The overall level of HIV knowledge among students was moderate. Age and field of study significantly influenced awareness levels (p < 0.05), with senior-year students and those studying General Medicine demonstrating better knowledge. Significant differences were found regarding HIV transmission routes (p = 0.022), target cells (p = 0.001), and the virus’s impact on the immune system (p = 0.046). Senior students and those specializing in general medicine demonstrated better knowledge (43.3% correct answers), while college students had the lowest results (19.4%). Conclusion: The findings underscore the necessity for enhancing HIV education within medical curricula. It is particularly important to focus on comprehensive education regarding the mechanisms of virus transmission, its pathophysiological impact on the immune system, and evidence-based prevention strategies. Targeted educational interventions should be implemented, particularly for junior students and those outside of General Medicine, to ensure a wellrounded understanding across all medical disciplines.