THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE MAIN LIFESTYLE FACTORS AND METABOLIC SYNDROME

Abstract

Introduction. Nowadays, metabolic syndrome continues to be a significant challenge in medicine. Experts from the World Health Organization have called metabolic syndrome (MetS) “the pandemic of the 21st century.” MetS is one of the cardiometabolic risk factors with a high prevalence in the adult population and a high cost to public health systems worldwide. The prevalence of MetS is very high: according to WHO, the incidence of MetS among adults is 20-40% and may increase by 50% in the next 20 years. The most threatening complications closely related to metabolic syndrome are cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Due to the high prevalence of metabolic syndrome, its early detection is of great importance for the timely initiation of the prevention of complications. Aim. To study the association between the main lifestyle and socio-demographic factors and the risk of developing metabolic syndrome. Material’s and method. The present study is part of a large metabolic syndrome research project in Turkestan city (AP19676909) “Investigation of genetic aspects of nutrition, lifestyle and compliance of patients with metabolic syndrome in a 10-year prospective study”. The sample consisted of 552 patients from the attached population of the outpatient clinic of the H.A. Yasavi International Kazakh-Turkish University. Individuals with acute conditions requiring emergency care, chronic severe decompensated conditions were not included in the study. Results: The final patient sample was 549 patients, as study participants without data on any of the sociodemographic factors and any of the lipid and carbohydrate metabolism parameters were excluded from the analysis. The association between the presence of MetS and lifestyle indicators, including time spent sitting during the working day and physical activity, was assessed using multivariate logistic regression analysis. After adjusting for the potential confounding factors, such as gender, smoking, and alcohol consumption, the association between MetS and the sitting time during the working day was maintained statistical significance. In contrast, the adjusted logistic regression analysis revealed a statistically significant inverse relationship between the metabolic syndrome and level of physical activity. Сonclusion: The results of our study suggest a significant role for modifiable risk factors, such as a sedentary lifestyle and the level of physical activity, in the development of metabolic syndrome among our study participants. Personalized management tactics for patients with metabolic syndrome, by correcting modifiable lifestyle factors, can help prevent complications.